雨来细细复疏疏,纵不能多不肯无。
似妒诗人山入眼,千峰故隔一帘珠。
HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shenghuo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生活中小事,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然界HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/jingwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景物,到了杨万里的笔下,总是充满无穷的情趣。杨万里生平游迹很广,他的诗中,写HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水的很多;他又特别喜欢HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨景,所以写HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨的也不少。这些诗,每一篇有每一篇的特点,令人百读不厌。这首绝句写小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨。HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨本是没有情的东西,杨万里偏要赋予它与人相同的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情,于是使诗充满了新鲜感。
诗前两句刻画小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,说丝丝细HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,稀稀拉拉地下着,既下不大,又不肯停下。首句以两组叠字状出小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨的情况,非常传神,与他的《HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨作抵暮复晴》中“细HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨如尘复如烟”句一样,描绘得很细,但有程度上的不同,这里写的是小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,不是毛毛HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,所以不如尘似烟,而是“细细”与“疏疏”。第二句从HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨量上写,不能多又不肯无,那便是小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨。
即使是小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,下久了,在屋上、树丛中也都渐渐地凝聚成水珠,滴落下来。三、四句便写这一情况。杨万里在《发孔镇晨炊漆桥道中HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/jixing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>纪行》中也曾描写过这样的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨景,诗说:“HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨入秋空细复轻,松梢积得太多生。忽然落点拳来大,偏作行人滴伞声。”对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨水滴下采用HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然的描写手法。这首《小HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨》诗,换用HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/niren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>拟人手法,说自己生平喜欢看HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,这HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨似乎对自己妒忌,有意从屋檐上滴下,组成一张珍珠般的帘子,把那千峰给遮挡。“珠帘”二字很确切,因为HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨不大,尚是一点点下滴,如成串的珍珠;如果是大HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨,流下的就是水线、水柱,而HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨本身就成了帘子了。说HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨妒,诗人是在调侃,但这一调侃非常有意思。因了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨的妒,挂上了珠帘,却使原本的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/jingse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景色似乎更加HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/youmoi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>优美。因为是稀疏的珠帘,隔着它去眺HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/wangyuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>望远处的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山峰,增加了迷濛,比直接看HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山更富有诗情画意。清代蒋士铨《题王石谷画册》中有“不写晴HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山写HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,似呵明镜照烟鬟”句,说出了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨中青HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山的韵味。杨万里眼前的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,正带有这样的韵味,也正是杨万里HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/zhuiqiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>追求的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yijing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>意境,他在《HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qiuyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>秋HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨叹》中也这样写道:“横看东HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山三十里,真珠帘外翠屏HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风。”对隔着窗前珍珠般的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨帘眺望婀娜的青HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,充满了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiyue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>喜悦。
诗仿佛不经思考,脱口而出,正如他在《晚寒题HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shuixian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>水仙HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花并湖HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山》诗所说,“老夫不是寻诗句,诗句自来寻老夫”。语言明快而诗意曲折,正是杨万里小诗的特点。