分携如昨。人生到处萍飘泊。偶然相聚还离索。多病多愁，须信从来错。
尊前一笑休辞却。天涯同是伤沦落。故山犹负平生约。西望峨嵋，长羡归飞鹤。
上片HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gankai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感慨HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生，本如浮萍在水，为HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/piaobo2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>飘泊而“多病多愁”，一开始便是错误。词一HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kaitou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>开头，就点明HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/libie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离别，并交织着对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/wangshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>往事的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/huiyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>回忆：“分携如昨”。“分携”犹言HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/fenshou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>分手，写出了临别依依、难舍难分的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情。说是“如昨”——像昨天那样，那是因为苏轼出判杭州时，杨绘任御史中丞，二人曾在汴京相别。回HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yijiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>忆旧日分离，则是为了强化当前别情，所以很HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然地引发了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gankai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感慨：“HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生到处萍HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/piaobo2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>飘泊”，不过这与作者早年写下的“HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生到处知何似？应似飞鸿踏HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪泥”（《和子由渑池HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/huaijiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀旧》诗）那种泛咏HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生不同，主要是就宦游踪迹不定而发的。接着便推出当前HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/songbie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>送别之事：“偶然HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiangju/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>相聚还离索”。按杨绘予本年八月才到杭州知州任，九月即被朝廷召还，所以说是“偶然HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiangju/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>相聚”。HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故人HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiangju/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>相聚匆匆，更使别情难堪。“离索”虽然是指当前的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/libie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离别，却蕴蓄着一种深沉的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情，也与HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kaitou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>开头的“分携”相照应。紧接着，词人又与自己的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shenshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>身世联系起来，抒写了更深一层的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gankai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感慨：“多病多愁，须信从来错。”苏轼在熙宁六年、七年诗作中屡屡言“病”，可见当时健康情况不佳确是事实，但这里说“多病多愁”，毋宁说是道出了一种不得志的情绪，他与王安石政见不合以及在HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/difang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>地方官任上沉沦多年，无疑都是产生这种情绪的原因。至于断言“须信从来错”这里“须信从来错”是词人以夸大的过激的言辞来表现一种牢骚的情绪。由于杨绘是在党争中志同道合的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/pengyou/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>朋友，所以词人能敞开心扉，放言无忌。
下片HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/quanwei/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>劝慰HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/youren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>友人，天涯沦落人，不妨放怀一笑。换头两句写别筵情景：“尊前一笑休辞却，天涯同是伤沦落”，词人故作达观，劝HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/youren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>友人尊前对饮，并用天涯沦落的共同HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/zaoyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>遭遇来打动对方。当然，说“天涯”“沦落”这样HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shiyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>失意、丧气的话，并非果真如当年自居易那样遭到HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/bianzhe/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>贬谪的不幸，而只是夸大其辞地写HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shitu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>仕途飘荡的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shenshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>身世之感，反映了一种HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yanjuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>厌倦的情绪。对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shitu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>仕途的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yanjuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>厌倦与对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/huainian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怀念往往纠缠在一起，篇末三句折到抒发HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guiyin/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>归隐HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡的意愿，是合乎HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xinli/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>心理逻辑的：“HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡犹负平生约。西望峨嵋，长羡归飞鹤。”从当年HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiongdi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>兄弟相约早退到写此词时，已经过去了十四个年头，“犹”、“长”二字便写出了一种长久的期待与内心的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kowang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>渴望。词人把“峨嵋”作为HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡及其HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/moijing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美景的代表，从反面运用了“化鹤归辽”的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shenhua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>神话HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gushi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故事，以“西望峨嵋、长羡归飞鹤”的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yishu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>艺术形象，表达了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guiyin/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>归隐的素愿以及对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡的深情。不过，下片所写并非当时HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/sixiang2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思想的全部，也不能因此引出词人HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiangwang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>向往恬退的结论。
这首HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/zengbie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>赠别词在HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/sixiang2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>思想内容方面具有以下两个明显的特点：一是强化了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shenshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>身世HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gankai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感慨，二是牵动了HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡情结。全词所表现的是客中送客的黯然HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qinghuai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情怀，但取境阔大。声调嘹亮，故情虽抑郁而不萎靡，构成独特之情味。