荒山秋日午,独上意悠悠。
如何望乡处,西北是融州。
这首诗就眼前景下笔,“秋”点节令,“午”点HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shijian/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>时间,“荒HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山”即峨HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,荒凉萧疏,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景为抒写“意悠悠”之情作渲染。身遭HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/bianzhe/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>贬谪,远HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/lijia/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离家乡,独上荒HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山,心绪万千,可见“意悠悠”涵盖着诗人当时复杂纷繁的情感。第三句虚接,转出“望乡”情,这悠悠HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qingsi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情思中,乡情是诗人当前最重要的情愫。然而,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/dengshang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>登上峨HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山望乡,“西北是融州”,隔断了诗人的视线,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>故乡不可见。
这首诗的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yishu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>艺术特色“外枯而中膏,似淡而实美”,显得HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然和淡,含蓄有味。诗人先写“荒HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山”,后写“独上”,最后以疑问作结:为什么我望乡的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/difang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>地方,偏偏却只见融州。下面让读者自己去回味、深思,以HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiangxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>想象和推论作补充。这里没有秾丽鲜艳的色彩,没有絮絮滔滔的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xushu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>叙述,仅仅二十字,既构思完整,又HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情充沛。这实在是难能可贵的。
这首诗实景虚写,表面是题写HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shanshui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>山水,实际抒发其归国无路的隐痛。作者以眼前之景,道难言之苦,构想HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然,神妙无比。又蕴含离乡之情、HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qianzhe/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>迁谪之思,言简意赅,语近情遥,深于HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/aiyuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>哀怨,真是绝妙好诗。