诉衷情·东风杨柳欲青青

　　这首词，上片HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yijingchenqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>以景衬情，下片则描绘HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人物时蕴情会意。全篇借春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yangliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>杨柳绘写浓春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/moijing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美景，衬比香阁HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子的绰约HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风姿，曲传HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/lisi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离思别意，景与情谐，物与人合，宛转含蓄，情致缠绵。词中化用金昌绪的《春怨》和王昌龄的《HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guiyuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>闺怨》诗，但有神无迹，如轻霜溶水，泯融无痕。诗词都写到莺声惊梦生恼，春柳触发HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yuanqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>怨情，但诗中HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guifu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>闺妇听莺声而小庭追打，见柳色而直说悔意，明朗爽利，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情真切；词里的香阁HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子却只是浓睡不起，宿妆不整，娴静温婉，含而不露。二者相比，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感情表现上有隐显曲直之别，声情口吻上有坦露含蓄之殊，语言上有质朴明快和清丽优雅之异，意趣、韵味也自判然不同。

　　上片起笔“东HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yangliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>杨柳欲青青，烟淡HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨初晴”先绘出一幅如画HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunjing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春景：东HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风吹温送暖，催引生机；HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yangliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>杨柳因春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风吹拂而萌发HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春意，虽未青青成阴，却染得人满眼HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春色；柳丝纤细，柳烟疏淡，似有若无，自有一种迷蒙意态；一番HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨初霁之后，柳色显得倍加清新，翠意撩人，秀色可餐。这两句将春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风、春柳，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雨、春晴，编织一起，色彩明媚，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春意盎然，令人心醉神迷。“恼他香阁浓睡，撩乱有啼莺”二句，词意陡生顿挫。面对烂漫HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunguang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春光，不是览景生欢，而是意趣索寞，“香阁浓睡”，情态异常。着一“恼”字，既是贯下，也暗暗承上。上两句描绘HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunjing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春景，是为了衬示香阁HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子的怨思，即以乐景而反衬哀情，从而形成鲜明对比，把HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/liqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>离情怨思烘托得更加强烈。由于HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人物内心状态的异常，观景亦有异常之感：HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春色娱人，莺声悦耳，是常情；而HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春色恼人，闻莺心烦，则是变态。词中香阁HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子所以对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunse/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春色视而不见，恹恹无绪，黯黯思睡，听到莺声却生恼恨，实际是因春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganhuai/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感怀，睹景HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shangqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤情。莺声惊睡，也许还惊破了好梦。下片“眉叶细，舞腰轻，宿妆成”为HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人物描写。眉叶、舞腰，既是HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yongliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>咏柳，也是HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xieren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写人，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yangliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>杨柳枝叶的纤细袅娜，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子眉腰的秀美窈窕，词HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花妙笔的晕染下，相互叠印复合。柳如HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/moiren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美人，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/moiren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>美人似柳，形象隽丽，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/biyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>比喻贴切，既写出柳的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风神，也显出人的韵致。“宿妆”，隔夜未整的残妆。词里的“宿妆成”，是指香阁浓睡的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子醒来，无心梳洗，懒于修饰。此处虽不明白言情，而从“宿妆”不整的容态中HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然溢露出一种难以言传的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/youyuan2/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>幽怨。结拍“一春芳意、三月和HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风，牵系HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人情”三句正面点示题旨。“一春芳意”与“三月和HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风”为对偶句，同是“牵系HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人情”的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/jingwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>景物。这三句意思是：柳芽茁长的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/chunyi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>春意，萦拂柳条的春HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风，以及柳枝上的莺啼，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/liushu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>柳树间的烟锁，无不牵系着闺中人的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qingsi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>情思。“牵系”二字，切柳丝。全篇明以柳起，暗以柳结，中间所及，关涉到柳，HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/lianxiang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>联想古诗词中常用的柳的内涵自知“HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人情”为何。

　　全词着意描写浓春烟景中，巧妙地将HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yangliu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>杨柳的丝缕和HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renwu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人物的纷乱心绪牵连绾合，衬写出香闺HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/nuzi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>女子的春怨，情景交融，别具HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风情。