昨夜霜风。先入梧桐。浑无处、回避衰容。问公何事,不语书空。但一回醉,一回病,一回慵;
朝来庭下,光阴如箭,似无言、有意伤侬。都将万事,付与千钟。任酒花白,眼花乱,烛花红。
此词上片HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiejing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>写景HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shuqing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>抒情,将秋HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/niren/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>拟人与人HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/duihua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>对话,写词人面对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiaose/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧瑟HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qiujing/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>秋景,衰容剧增。HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/beiqiu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲秋是中国古典诗词中HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/lishi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>历史悠久的传统HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/zhuti/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>主题,“霜HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风”就渲染出HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qiuri/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>秋日的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiaose/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧瑟氛围,奠定了全词HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/beiliang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲凉HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/aiyuan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>哀怨的基调;尽管词人不愿意让人看出内心的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/tongku/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>痛苦,但“衰容”遮掩不住其因HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/zhengzhi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>政治上的挫折而带来的郁结。接着以问句的形式写出词人有冤无处诉的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/youyu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>忧郁愤激,“醉、病、慵”高度概括出了词HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/rensheng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人生活的无聊和HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kumen/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>苦闷,显示出对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shehui/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>社会和HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/renshi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>人事的完全绝望。
下片HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xushi/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>叙事HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/yilun/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>议论,写词人早上醒来,来得庭院,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gantan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感叹HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shiguang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>时光易逝,来日无多,而当时处境,只能让他将世间万桩事付与千钟美酒,任凭酒HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xue/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>雪白,眼HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花缭乱,烛HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花火红。光阴似箭,强烈地表现出词作的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ganshang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感伤之情;酒醉、眼乱、烛红,充分写出了词人狂放不羁的醉态。
此词上下片采用对称结构,但时序上却有“昨夜”与“今朝”的先后承递关系。词中描述了两幅衰容,一是霜HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风昨夜入梧桐、今朝来庭下的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/xiaose/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>萧瑟冷落;一是词人病后意慵懒、酒后眼HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/hua/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>花乱的潦倒颓放。
全词融悲HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/ziran/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>自然之秋、悲HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shengming/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>生命之秋和悲心境之秋为一体,HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风格HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/beiliang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲凉HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qiwan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>凄婉,情感沉郁缠绵,富有感染力。它硬语盘空,借HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/qiuri/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>秋日病愈,抒发了官场HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kanke/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>坎坷、世路沧桑的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/gantan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>感叹,流露出HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风烛残年的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/beishang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲伤。
作者一生多舛,几遭HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/bianzhe/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>贬谪。这时,曾经骄傲的才子,回望一生HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/piaobo/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>漂泊,秋HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/feng/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>风中HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/guowang/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>过往的淡然、坚定、洒脱似一一看穿。这时的他褪去了才子的傲然,伤得真切。全词HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/beiqie/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>悲切中又有作者一如既往的HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kuangda/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>旷达,也表达了作者对HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/kanke/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>坎坷一生的无谓HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/taidu/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>态度,在HRef=https://www.xuegushici.com/list/shanggan/ target=_blank class=infotextkey>伤感中放任心性的情感,哀而不伤.